References

203

13.10

Conclusion

In this chapter, we discussed about the industrial process followed for the biosorp-

tion of heavy metal and the metal-complexed dyes using various microbial sources

such as bacteria, fungi, and yeast under both batch and continuous processes.

The biosorption of heavy metals and metal-complexed dyes depends on functional

groups like carboxyl, phosphate, amine, and hydroxyl present on the cell surface.

In addition to that, the biosorption process depends on various physiochemical

parameters such as pH, metal concentration, biomass concentration, surface to

volume ratio, and temperature. The temperature highly influences the degradation

of MCDs for the reduction of color present in the dye. The efficacy or the adsorption

capacity was enumerated by various models such as Langmuir and Freundlich

adsorption model. These two models help to understand about the dynamic

equilibrium conditions between the metal ions and microbial consortium.

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